Pakati pa Yunyunzakumwa zopangidwa ndi manja, kukoma kwa chikho chakhofimakamaka zimadalira luso la woweta moŵa.Pali zosiyana zambiri zomwe zimakhudza ubwino wa khofi, ndipo monga ogula, tingathe kusankha nthawi yomwe khofi imakhala yozizira komanso nthawi yayitali tisanamwe.Ngati mumadzipangira khofi wanu kunyumba, ngakhale mutakhala ndi khofi ndi zida zonse m'manja mwanu, zikuwoneka kuti simungafanane ndi mtundu wa khofi.sitolo ya khofi.Ndi iko komwe, kodi munthu angapange bwanji kapu ya khofi yofanana ndi malo ogulitsira khofi?
Kuchita zambiri si vuto, koma wolemba nawo buku la "Water for Coffee: Science Story Manual" komanso pulofesa wothandizana nawo wa zida zamakompyuta ndi chemistry ku yunivesite ya Oregon, Christopher Hendon, amakhulupirira kuti okonzekera ayeneranso kudziwa bwino. mfundo za chemistry ndi physics nthawi yomweyo.Zosintha monga kutentha kwa madzi, mtundu wa madzi, kugawa tinthu, chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi ufa, ndi nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito zidzakhudza kukoma komaliza kwa chikho.Kuti mupange khofi wabwino, muyenera kuphunzira kuwongolera izi.
Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa zosakaniza (organic acid, inorganic acid, heterocyclic compounds, Mena reaction products, etc.) za khofi yomwe timakondakumwalagawidwa mitundu iwiri: mmodzi ndi zili 1.2 - 1.5%, monga kukapanda kuleka khofi, ndipo wina ndi mkulu monga 8 - 10%., Monga espresso.Khofi wa ku Turkey monga kukhomerera pamanja, makina osindikizira a ku France, kupopera, kutulutsa makina, kapena khofi ya ku Turkey yotenthedwa mwachindunji ndi madzi a khofi wa khofi amatha kufika pa 1.2 - 1.5%;pamene khofi yomwe imakhala yolimba ngati 8 - 10% imagwiritsa ntchito makina a khofi.Kuchulukana kwa zosakaniza za khofi kumakhala kosalekanitsidwa ndi chiyambi chake, koma zinthu zotsatirazi ndizofunikira.
1. Kutentha ndi liwiro
Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pamwambapa kuti njira zopangira khofi zochepa zimagawika m'magulu awiri: otsetsereka ndi odontha.Kuchokera pakuwona kwakuthupi, kusiyana kwakukulu ndikuti nyemba za khofi zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kuposa kudontha pamene zanyowa.Ndipotu, njira yowonongeka kwambiri ya khofi si kusungunula caffeine pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, koma kudikirira kuti kukoma kwa khofi kumadutsa muzinthu zonse ndikufika pamgwirizano pakati pa madzi ndi khofi.Kutalika kwa nthawi yogwiritsidwa ntchito kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi kutentha kwa madzi.Kutentha kwakukulu kwa tinthu ta nyemba za khofi, mankhwala okoma kwambiri mmenemo amatha kuchotsedwa.Komabe, ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, kumasungunula mankhwala osafunika kwambiri m'madzi ndikukhudza kukoma.
Kumbali ina, kuchapa m’manja ndi njira zina zodontha madzi zimatenga nthawi kuti madzi adutse mu nyemba za khofi.Nthawi yophika imadalira kutentha kwa madzi ndi makulidwe a nyemba za khofi, kotero kuwerengera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.
2. Chiŵerengero cha nyemba za khofi ndi madzi
Pamene ntchito kukapanda kuleka njira, zabwino kwambiri khofi nyemba particles adzawonjezera kukonzekera nthawi ndi voliyumu m'zigawo.Wopangira moŵa akhoza kuonjezera chiŵerengero cha madzi ku nyemba za khofi mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nyemba za khofi, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo zidzachepetsanso nthawi yofulira molingana.Chifukwa chake, kudontha ndikovuta kwambiri kuposa kuviika, ndipo mutha kupanga kapu yabwino ya khofi podziwa zonse.
3. Madzi abwino
Ngakhale mfundo ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambazi zachitidwa bwino, n'zovuta kutsimikizira kuti khofi yophikidwa ndi yolondola.Hendon adanenanso kuti pali zina ziwiri zomwe zingakhudze khalidwe la khofi, imodzi mwa izo ndi pH ya madzi.
Khofi ndi chakumwa cha acidic, choncho pH ya madzi opangira mowa ndi yofunika kwambiri.Khofi wophikidwa ndi madzi otsika a HCO₃⁻ (Bicarbonate) (omwe amadziwikanso kuti madzi ofewa) amakhala ndi asidi wambiri;Ngati khofi waphikidwa ndi madzi okhala ndi HCO₃⁻ wambiri (ie madzi olimba), amalepheretsa acidity yamphamvu komanso yotchuka.Moyenera, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi okhala ndi mankhwala oyenera popangira khofi.Komabe, ndizovuta kudziwa kuchuluka kwa HCO₃⁻ m'madzi apampopi.Hendon akulangiza kuti muyese madzi amchere a Evian ndi imodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri za HCO₃⁻ (mpaka 360 mg pa lita imodzi) popangira khofi., Yerekezerani zotsatira za ziwirizi.
4. Kugawa tinthu
Wokonda khofi aliyense wamkulu angakuuzeni kuti zopukutira sizitsulo zabwino kwambiri zopukusira, chifukwa nyemba za khofi zomwe amagaya zimakhala za makulidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe sizili bwino kutulutsa.Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito chopukusira cha burr, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito magiya awiri ofanana kuti akupera nyemba za khofi pang'onopang'ono, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana.
Pakhala pali mkangano wokhudza makulidwe oyenera.Akuti ndi bwino kuti nyemba za khofi ndi pansi, bwino, zimakulitsa pamwamba pa particles, ndikuthandizira kuchotsa khofi yabwino kwambiri komanso yamphamvu kwambiri;Amanenanso kuti coarser bwino, kupewa kwambiri m'zigawo kumasula astringency.Hendon amakhulupirira kuti makulidwe ake amadalira kukoma kwake.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-14-2021